Kers how does it work

This benefit tier is for members who began participation on or after January 1, A Cash Balance Plan is known as a hybrid plan because it has characteristics of both a defined benefit plan and a defined contribution plan. A Cash Balance Plan resembles a defined contribution plan because it determines the value of benefits for each participant based on individual accounts. However, the assets of the plan remain in a single investment pool like a traditional defined benefit plan.

A Cash Balance Plan resembles a defined benefit plan since it uses a specific formula to determine benefits. Your participation in the plan is mandatory unless you are a non-participating employee. Employment classifications that are non-participating include part-time, seasonal, temporary, probationary CERS only , interim, emergency, and independent contractors.

The account earns a guaranteed amount of interest at the end of each fiscal year. One of the toughest elements of electronic KERS is how to store the electrical energy, most of the teams use a lithium battery, not dissimilar to those used in mobile phones just a lot bigger. But just like the battery in your phone when you charge the battery it gets hot so many of the KERS cars feature additional ducting to cool the systems.

BMW however has taken a different approach by using devices known as super-capacitors instead of batteries, these run cooler and are arguably more efficient. Williams have approached the energy storage problem in a totally different way, rather than fitting batteries or capacitors, they use a large flywheel.

Ian Foley who inevented the system explains in this short video. A number of non electrical systems have also been developed for F1, most notably the Flybrid, designed by former Renault F1 engine boss Jon Hilton. The system is based on a flywheel and operates totally differently from the Electronic and Williams systems. McLaren and Force India are both believed to have investigated similar systems.

Well, the additional 60kW boost which equates to 80HP , limited to kJ per lap, will reduce lap times by between 0. But to get the most from KERS, the whole system needs to be as lightweight and compact as possible; otherwise this advantage can quickly disappear. In reality, though, there are other more subtle effects that get in the way of achieving the theoretical 0.

It would be easy to lose all of the KERS lap time potential if these points are not well considered. But, provided you can settle upon the ideal solution and get the gearing of your car right, the 60kW boost to the engine should aid overtaking, at least between KERS cars and non-KERS cars.

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