It causes platelets to misbehave with adhesion and aggregation processes resulting to increased consumption that eventually leads to a low platelet count.
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune hematologic disorder of manifesting reduced platelets in the body. It is mediated by immune cells and antibodies of the body that results in a destruction of platelets.
It can be classified into two types — primary and secondary. When the exact cause of immune destruction cannot be mediated it is termed as primary or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. When the cause of the immune destruction is mediated such as SLE or Hepatitis C, it is termed as secondary thrombocytopenic purpura.
Pregnancy is one of the many conditions that can precipitate or aggravate SLE. In autoimmune diseases, antibodies are formed against the natural components of the body causing it to attack various organs, trying to destroy them. One of commonly targeted organs is the bone marrow where platelets and other blood cells are born, developed, and matured.
A destruction of the bone marrow results to a fall in the number of all types of blood cells released to the bloodstream. There are many drugs that can alter any phase in the steps of platelet formation starting from the totipotent stem cell to megakaryocyte production.
Some of the drugs are known to be used during the period of pregnancy such as fluconazole which is an antifungal agent; ibuprofen and naproxen which are painkillers; and paracetamol which is a very common drug used for fever and headache. HIV is a sexually transmitted illness that started dominance in the beginning of this century. HIV indirectly attacks all the systems of the body. This includes destroying the immune system of a person which is supposedly the only primary defense system to protect the body.
A weakened immune system gives opportunity to many type of infections that hover around the body for successful invasion. Some of these infections cause destruction of the bone marrow, which also means a destruction of platelets. Aplastic anemia is a disease that also affects platelet levels because of an impaired bone marrow.
The condition is possible during pregnancy, similarly causing a reduction in platelet count. Aplastic anemia means the shutting or slowing down of bone marrow blood cell production. The cause of damage can be due to a bacteria, virus, drug, autoimmunity, or irradiation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a disease that can be associated with a number of pregnancy-related medical conditions but can also be the pregnancy itself.
In DIC, there is widespread clotting that causes a consumption of platelets inside the blood vessels. This also results to a low platelet count. Some conditions that can give rise to DIC during pregnancy is the presence of infection as well as autoimmune disorders. There are different kinds of cancer that can affect a person depending on present predisposing risk factors.
Pregnancy can be one of the risk factors for certain types. Myelodysplastic syndromes and lymphoproliferative syndromes are common types of cancer that can affect pregnant women where low platelet count can be observed. These medical conditions destroy the bone marrow and take up the space normally used for platelet formation and replacing it with cancer cell growth. They can also cause disseminated intravascular coagulation. This is not a full exclusive list to detail causes of low platelet count in pregnancy but covers some of the common ones.
Read essentials about normal platelet count in pregnancy. Symptoms and signs of thrombocytopenia may include fatigue, bleeding, and others. People with mild thrombocytopenia might not need treatment. For people who do need treatment for thrombocytopenia, treatment depends on its cause and how severe it is. If your thrombocytopenia is caused by an underlying condition or a medication, addressing that cause might cure it. Platelets are important to make blood clot and a low platelet count can sometimes cause bleeding problems which can be prevented.
It is important to monitor platelets regularly in order to reduce risks. Skip to content Newborn Pregnancy. Pregnancy 0. Women who take antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs , during pregnancy may. That said, the best way for pregnant women to prevent stretch marks is to. Make sure there is no bleeding and alert your doctor if you suspect anything of this kind. Also, make sure you plan your delivery method accordingly.
Pregnancy is usually a time filled with hope and joy for women as they look forward to adding a new member to their family. The fact that they have to go through quite bit of discomfort caused by morning sickness, water retention, weight gain, and other pregnancy related issues do not cause too much worry as these discomforts are borne by all women around the world.
However, routine blood and urine tests conducted as part of the first physical examination may reveal certain risk factors. One of them is a low platelet count in the blood. If during your pregnancy, your physical examination does show that you have a low platelets count, there is no need to panic. Your health care provider will be the best person to guide you and recommend a course of action or treatment that needs to be followed.
A low platelet count during pregnancy can come to light when the blood is screened during routine tests. While gestational thrombocytopenia, or low blood platelets during pregnancy, occurs in only about seven to eight percent of all pregnant women, it is always better to know the causes, symptoms, and treatment related to low platelets in pregnant women. The condition could be caused by several pregnancy-related factors and usually improves or disappears after delivery.
Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are formed in the bone marrow. They are non-nucleated cells that remain active in the blood for about ten days before they are replaced. Platelets help the blood to clot and coagulate when there is a cut or wound and help plug the wound to minimize the loss of blood. Low platelet counts causes loss of blood and anemia. The fall in the platelet count could be caused by a diseased liver, certain types of cancer associated with the lymphatic system, certain drugs and medications, or even deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate.
Preeclampsia or hypertension induced by pregnancy and HELLP syndrome, a condition associated with preeclampsia, are marked by low platelets during pregnancy. HELLP syndrome usually occurs in the final stages of pregnancy, although its symptoms are often confused with those of heartburn.
If the low platelet count in pregnancy is due to HELLP syndrome, doctors may suggest a C-section in the third trimester, if the baby is more than 35 weeks old, to avoid further complications like placental abruption. Also, a low platelets pregnancy may indicate increased destruction of blood platelets where the body is not able to replenish the stock quickly enough, decreased production of blood platelets in the bone marrow, splenic sequestration, and by diseases of the liver or malaria.
Low platelet count in pregnancy can be classified as mild, moderate, and severe, depending on the platelet count levels; it can also lead to pregnancy implantation problems such as bleeding and cramps.
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