Coenzyme A is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and is essential for the conversion of food into fatty acids and cholesterol. The liver needs Coenzyme A to use other drugs and toxins safely. Vitamin B5 helps maintain a healthy digestive system and helps the body absorb other vitamins, especially vitamin B2.
Vitamin B2 helps manage stress, but there is no evidence that pantothenic acid reduces stress. Vitamin B5 has been shown to reduce the spread of acne and provide benefits to many other areas of the body. Other studies have shown that vitamin B5 acts as a moisturizer on the skin and improves the healing process of skin wounds. Some studies have shown that vitamin B5 helps with acne on the face and reduces the number of facial features associated with acne when taken as a dietary supplement.
The authors seek further trials to confirm the results. Some studies show that eating vitamin B5 can help lower cholesterol and levels of triglycerides or fats. This method of administration should be followed only under medical supervision. Some researchers have found that people with rheumatoid arthritis have lower levels of vitamin B5. However, more evidence is needed to confirm these results.
Meat: Pork, chicken, turkey duck, beef, especially animal organs such as liver and kidneys. Cereals: Whole wheat and whole grains. Whole grains are a good source of vitamin B5 but digestion can remove 75 percent of B5 content. Vegetables: Mushrooms, avocados, broccoli, sweet potatoes, corn, cauliflower, kale, and tomatoes. Vitamin B5 is one of eight B vitamins. All B vitamins help you convert the protein, carbohydrates, and fats you eat into energy.
B vitamins are also needed for:. Vitamin B5 is an easy vitamin to incorporate into a good diet. As with most nutrients, the recommended intake of vitamin B5 varies by age.
These are the recommended daily allowances set by the Institute of Medicine in the United States. Generally, only people who are malnourished will have a B5 deficiency. According to the Mayo Clinic , a vitamin B5 deficiency is unlikely to cause any medical problems by itself. However, people with a B5 deficiency are often experiencing other vitamin deficiencies at the same time.
Symptoms of a B5 deficiency are likely to include:. People take vitamin B5 supplements and derivatives to help with a range of conditions. These conditions include:. More scientific study is needed to determine its effectiveness. Vitamin B5 is often added to hair and skin products, as well as makeup. Pantothenic acid is absorbed in the intestine and delivered directly into the bloodstream by active transport and possibly simple diffusion at higher doses [ 1 , 2 , 4 ].
Pantetheine, the dephosphorylated form of phosphopantetheine, however, is first taken up by intestinal cells and converted to pantothenic acid before being delivered into the bloodstream [ 2 ]. The intestinal flora also produces pantothenic acid, but its contribution to the total amount of pantothenic acid that the body absorbs is not known [ 4 ]. Red blood cells carry pantothenic acid throughout the body [ 4 ]. Most pantothenic acid in tissues is in the form of CoA, but smaller amounts are present as acyl carrier protein or free pantothenic acid [ 1 , 4 ].
Pantothenic acid status is not routinely measured in healthy people. Microbiologic growth assays, animal bioassays, and radioimmunoassays can be used to measure pantothenic concentrations in blood, urine, and tissue, but urinary concentrations are the most reliable indicators because of their close relationship with dietary intake [ 1 , 4 ]. With a typical American diet, the urinary excretion rate for pantothenic acid is about 2. Excretion of less than 1 mg pantothenic acid per day suggests deficiency [ 1 , 6 ].
Like urinary concentrations, whole-blood concentrations of pantothenic acid correlate with pantothenic acid intake, but measuring pantothenic acid in whole blood requires enzyme pretreatment to release free pantothenic acid from CoA [ 1 ]. Normal blood concentrations of pantothenic acid range from 1.
Unlike whole-blood concentrations, plasma levels of pantothenic acid do not correlate well with changes in intake or status [ 1 ]. DRI is the general term for a set of reference values used for planning and assessing nutrient intakes of healthy people. These values, which vary by age and sex, include:. Consequently, the FNB established AIs for all ages based on usual pantothenic acid intakes in healthy populations [ 3 ].
Table 1 lists the current AIs for pantothenic acid [ 3 ]. Food Almost all plant- and animal-based foods contain pantothenic acid in varying amounts.
Some of the richest dietary sources are beef, chicken, organ meats, whole grains, and some vegetables [ 4 ]. Pantothenic acid is added to various foods, including some breakfast cereals and beverages such as energy drinks [ 4 ]. Edible animal and plant tissues contain relatively high concentrations of pantothenic acid. The U. Food and Drug Administration FDA developed DVs to help consumers compare the nutrient contents of foods and dietary supplements within the context of a total diet.
The DV for pantothenic acid is 5 mg for adults and children age 4 years and older [ 8 ]. FDA does not require food labels to list pantothenic acid content unless pantothenic acid has been added to the food. Some supplements contain pantethine a dimeric form of pantetheine or more commonly, calcium pantothenate [ 4 , ]. No studies have compared the relative bioavailability of pantothenic acid from these different forms.
Few data on pantothenic acid intakes in the United States are available. However, a typical mixed diet in the United States provides an estimated daily intake of about 6 mg, suggesting that most people in the United States consume adequate amounts [ 12 ]. Some intake information is available from other Western populations. For example, a — study in New Brunswick, Canada, found average daily pantothenic acid intakes of 4.
Vitamin D deficiency is common though it does not often cause symptoms. A range of at-home vitamin D deficiency tests is available. Learn more here. What to know about vitamin B5. Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph. Why do we need vitamin B5? Share on Pinterest Vitamin B5 is also known as pantothenic acid and can be found in most foods. Share on Pinterest Vitamin B5 has been shown to reduce the spread of acne as well as providing benefit to many other areas of the body.
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